{"id":13498,"date":"2021-11-20T17:58:15","date_gmt":"2021-11-20T23:58:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/?p=13498"},"modified":"2024-05-26T17:05:46","modified_gmt":"2024-05-26T22:05:46","slug":"%d1%87%d1%82%d0%be-%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%b5-%d0%b3%d0%be%d1%80%d0%bc%d0%be%d0%bd-%d1%8d%d1%81%d1%82%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b3%d0%b5%d0%bd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/ru\/what-is-estrogen-hormone\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b FAM: \u042d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0435\u043d"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p id=\"h-what-do-you-know-about-estrogen-maybe-you-ve-heard-that-it-s-part-of-hormone-replacement-therapy-or-maybe-you-ve-been-diagnosed-with-polycystic-ovarian-syndrome-pcos-and-have-been-told-that-you-have-estrogen-dominance-in-this-article-we-ll-explore-what-estrogen-is-where-it-s-made-what-it-does-and-its-specific-connection-to-pregnancy-and-infertility-polycystic-ovarian-syndrome-hormonal-birth-control-and-breast-cancer\">What do you know about estrogen? Maybe you\u2019ve heard that it\u2019s part of hormone replacement therapy, or maybe you\u2019ve been diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and have been told that you have \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/insulin-resistance-pcos-fertility-prediabetes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">estrogen dominance<\/a>.\u201d In this article, we\u2019ll explore what estrogen is, where it\u2019s made, what it does, and its specific connections to: pregnancy (<em>and<\/em> infertility), polycystic ovary syndrome, hormonal birth control, and breast cancer.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-is-estrogen-nbsp\"><span id=\"what-is-estrogen\">What is Estrogen?&nbsp; <\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Estrogen is a naturally occurring hormone produced in both men and women, though women produce much more estrogen throughout their lifetime than men do. In women, estrogen is produced primarily by the ovaries until menopause (see more on this below). Much smaller amounts of estrogen are produced by the breasts, the liver, the adrenal glands, and fat cells.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The female body makes <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hormone.org\/your-health-and-hormones\/glands-and-hormones-a-to-z\/hormones\/estrogen\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">several types of estrogen<\/a> at different stages in life, including estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), and estriol (E3). Estradiol (E2) is the most common type among women of childbearing age. Estriol (E3) is made almost exclusively during pregnancy. Estrone (E1) is the dominant form of estrogen after menopause.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-does-estrogen-do-throughout-the-reproductive-lifespan\"><span id=\"what-does-estrogen-do-throughout-the-reproductive-lifespan\">What does Estrogen do throughout the reproductive lifespan?<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>As young girls approach puberty, increased levels of estrogen trigger the process of sexual maturation. This maturation is evidenced by increased breast size, growth of underarm and pubic hair (predominantly regulated by testosterone), and changes to the young woman\u2019s bone structure (such as widening of the hips). Estrogen is also responsible for growth and maturation of the vagina, uterus, and fallopian tubes.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Throughout a woman\u2019s reproductive lifespan, estrogen also plays a major role in menstrual cycle regulation. In the first half of the cycle leading up to ovulation, estrogen levels are high. Peak levels of estrogen leading up to ovulation stimulate the production of <a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/fam-basics-what-is-cervical-mucus\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">peak-type cervical mucus, or egg white cervical mucus<\/a>, which is one of three necessary components for conception to occur. Estrogen also causes cyclical <a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/fam-basics-everything-you-need-to-know-about-your-endometrium\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">regrowth of the uterine lining (the endometrium)<\/a> after it sheds during menstruation. Estrogen furthermore plays a significant role in pregnancy as well as a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4720522\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">not yet well-defined role<\/a> in female sexual desire [1].&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As a woman approaches <a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/topic\/natural-family-planning\/perimenopause-and-menopause\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">menopause<\/a>, telltale signs of decreasing estrogen levels include hot flashes and vaginal dryness, itching, and burning. (Incidentally, many women experience vaginal dryness and tenderness in the immediate postpartum period, when estrogen levels have dropped precipitously following their pre-delivery peak.) And while conventional hormone replacement therapy (HRT) comes with some significant risks,<a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/in-reply-to-a-reader-the-benefits-of-charting-into-perimenopause\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> bioidentical hormones prescribed to symptomatic women at safe and effective levels<\/a> can help relieve some common perimenopausal discomforts (however, it should be noted that even bioidentical estrogen, like synthetic estrogen, can <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6808563\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">increase the risk of breast cancers<\/a>) [2].&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-estrogen-and-pregnancy\"><span id=\"estrogen-and-pregnancy\">Estrogen and Pregnancy<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Estrogen levels climb to all-time highs over the course of a pregnancy. While the ovaries normally produce estradiol (E2), during pregnancy, the placenta makes estrogen primarily as estriol (E3). Early in the pregnancy, estrogen produced by the ovaries supports growth of the placenta, which is the baby\u2019s nutritional and oxygen pipeline plus his or her waste conduit. Gradually, the placenta itself makes estrogen (E3 kind). As Dr. Jolene Brighten explains in detail <a href=\"https:\/\/drbrighten.com\/what-is-the-role-of-estrogen-during-pregnancy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a>, estrogen tells the mother\u2019s body to significantly increase blood supply to the uterus for the benefit of the growing baby, and it <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/1997\/03\/970321141042.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">tells the baby\u2019s body organs<\/a> to develop [3]. Later in the pregnancy, estrogen &#8220;tells&#8221; the mother\u2019s breast cells to start producing milk.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wondering what causes that \u201cpregnancy glow\u201d or, conversely, melasma, the \u201cmask of pregnancy?\u201d Estrogen is the answer on both counts!&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-else-does-estrogen-do-in-the-body\"><span id=\"what-else-does-estrogen-do-in-the-body\">What else does Estrogen do in the body?<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Beyond the reproductive system, estrogen has far-reaching effects <a href=\"https:\/\/www.babymed.com\/laboratory-values\/estrogen-estradiol-levels-during-pregnancy#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">throughout the body<\/a>. According to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/conditions-and-diseases\/estrogens-effects-on-the-female-body\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine<\/a>, estrogen also impacts \u201cthe urinary tract, the heart and blood vessels, bones, breasts, skin, hair, mucous membranes, pelvic muscles, and the brain.\u201d For example, NaProTechnology\u2019s founder Dr. Thomas Hilgers notes in his book, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/NaPro-Technology-Revolution-Unleashing-Womans\/dp\/0825306264\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>The NaProTechnology Revolution: Unleashing the Power in a Woman\u2019s Cycle<\/em>,<\/a> that estrogen impacts the cardiovascular system by raising \u201cgood cholesterol\u201d (HDL) levels and decreasing \u201cbad cholesterol\u201d (LDL) levels. Natural Womanhood previously did a deep dive into estrogen\u2019s specific impact on the <a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/reasons-women-need-periods-the-role-of-the-menstrual-cycle-in-brain-health-development\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">brain<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/reasons-women-need-periods-estrogen-progesterone-heart-health-heart-disease-risk-2020\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">heart<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/reasons-women-need-periods-you-need-a-period-the-role-of-the-menstrual-cycle-in-bone-health-development-2020\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">musculoskeletal<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/reasons-you-need-a-period-the-role-of-the-menstrual-cycle-in-the-immune-system\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">immune<\/a> systems in the <a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/topic\/fertility-awareness-methods\/reasons-women-need-periods\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Reasons Women Need Periods<\/a> series.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-too-much-estrogen\"><span id=\"too-much-estrogen\">Too Much Estrogen<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Too much estrogen in the body, particularly in terms of a deficit <a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/low-progesterone-is-a-big-problem-pms-pmdd-infertility-miscarriage-postpartum-depression-2020\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">of other reproductive hormones like progesterone<\/a>, is called \u201cestrogen dominance.\u201d Estrogen dominance has real implications for women\u2019s health. Women with <a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/topic\/cycle-dysfunctions\/cysts-pcos\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)<\/a>, the most common cause of infertility in women, are more likely to exhibit estrogen dominance. In fact, the ovaries\u2019 overproduction of estrogen is the cause of the <a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/natural-options-for-managing-pcos\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">many follicular cysts<\/a> often seen in \u201cpolycystic\u201d ovary syndrome.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Whereas low levels of estrogen can cause infertility, <a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/insulin-resistance-pcos-fertility-prediabetes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">too-high levels are also associated with infertility<\/a> if\u2014as can happen in PCOS\u2014estrogen remains high throughout the cycle because of dysfunctional ovulation or <a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/topic\/infertility\/anovulation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">not ovulating altogether<\/a>. Estrogen dominance in the context of too little progesterone is also associated with infertility. Estrogen dominance is unfortunately also associated with an increased risk for breast and endometrial cancers.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Estrogen dominance is also sometimes seen in <a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/commonly-asked-questions-about-endometriosis-causes-treatments-cures-napro-technology-a-natural-womanhood-endo-faq-2020\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">endometriosis<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-too-little-estrogen\"><span id=\"too-little-estrogen\">Too Little Estrogen<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>As Natural Womanhood <a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/treatment-for-root-cause-of-painful-sex\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">previously noted<\/a>, women may have low estrogen levels for one of the following reasons: they may be post-menopausal, suffering from an eating disorder, an athlete with hypothalamic amenorrhea, taking hormonal birth control, or under tremendous stress.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dr. Jolene Brighten succinctly summarizes the negative results of having low estrogen levels: \u201cLow estrogen levels are linked to lower fertility, increased risk of miscarriage and a woman with below-normal estrogen may have difficulty becoming pregnant.\u201d In particular, infertility related to low estrogen makes sense when we recall that estrogen stimulates production of <a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/fam-basics-what-is-cervical-mucus\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">egg white cervical mucus<\/a>, or good quality, fertile mucus that helps sperm survive and swim up to the egg for fertilization. Without fertile mucus, the sperm is trapped in the vagina. (More information on increasing the amount and improving the quality of cervical mucus can be found <a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/fam-basics-what-is-cervical-mucus\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a>.)&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-synthetic-estrogen-in-hormonal-birth-control\"><span id=\"synthetic-estrogen-in-hormonal-birth-control\">Synthetic Estrogen in Hormonal Birth Control<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Hormonal birth control (HBC), whether administered via pill, patch, or ring primarily works by stopping ovulation\u2014and the heavy lifting of this task is typically done by progestin, a synthetic form of progesterone. Progestin has <a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/difference-between-synthetic-hormones-vs-natural-hormones-bioidentical-birth-control-harmful-safe-affect-body-progesterone-progestin-estrogen-08192018\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">numerous nasty side effects in the body<\/a> and none of the <a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/low-progesterone-is-a-big-problem-pms-pmdd-infertility-miscarriage-postpartum-depression-2020\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">many health benefits of natural progesterone<\/a>. In the ovulation-stopping scenario, synthetic estrogen is primarily along for the ride, added to HBC in an attempt to counteract the many negative impacts of only giving synthetic progestin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Synthetic estrogen, however, can cause problems of its own. This makes sense given that hormonal birth control is the only medicine intended to create a \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/what-happens-when-you-quit-the-birth-control-pill\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">doctor-prescribed hormonal imbalance<\/a>.\u201d Among the risks of taking oral estrogen is an increased risk of breast cancer. Research also suggests that synthetic estrogen <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4752384\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">may harm<\/a> gut health [4]. Furthermore, while natural estrogen in the body directly protects bone heath, research suggests that women taking hormonal birth control, <a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/should-you-put-your-teenage-daughter-on-hormonal-birth-control\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">even young women<\/a>, are at increased risk for bone fractures during their early reproductive years and for <a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/natural-womanhood-petition-to-the-fda-birth-control-side-effects-dr-william-williams\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">osteoporosis<\/a> later in life. This is likely because HBC provides continuous small amounts of synthetic estrogen, so the body isn\u2019t exposed to the higher levels of estrogen that come from ovulating regularly and normally.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The synthetic estrogen in hormonal birth control may be even more problematic for women with PCOS, who are routinely offered HBC as a band-aid solution for their symptoms. To quote a <a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/insulin-resistance-pcos-fertility-prediabetes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">previous Natural Womanhood article<\/a>: \u201cA mainstream treatment for PCOS is hormonal birth control or other artificial hormones. Unfortunately, if a woman has insulin resistance, hormonal birth control can further <a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/is-birth-control-making-you-gain-weight\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">increase her cortisol levels<\/a>, (increasing the risk of heart disease and stroke), exacerbate <a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/low-progesterone-is-a-big-problem-pms-pmdd-infertility-miscarriage-postpartum-depression-2020\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">estrogen dominance<\/a> (increasing the risk of <a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/topic\/birth-control-side-effects\/cancer\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">cancer<\/a>), and increase her risk of <a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/topic\/birth-control-side-effects\/depression\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">depression.<\/a>\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-estrogen-and-breast-cancer\"><span id=\"estrogen-and-breast-cancer\">Estrogen and Breast Cancer<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Excessive levels of estrogen in the body have been shown to increase a woman\u2019s risk of developing breast cancer. Why is this? According to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.maurerfoundation.org\/estrogen-and-breast-cancer\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Maurer Foundation<\/a>, an organization that provides breast cancer education, \u201c80% of all breast cancers grow according to estrogen supply. These are called hormone-receptor-positive breast cancers (or hormone-sensitive breast cancers). This is a very powerful factor to identify because these cancers can be treated effectively by restricting estrogen production in the body.\u201d Medications for hormone-related breast cancer, typically \u201ceither lower estrogen levels or stop estrogen from acting on breast cancer cells,\u201d according to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cancer.org\/cancer\/breast-cancer\/treatment\/hormone-therapy-for-breast-cancer.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">American Cancer Society<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Unfortunately, many organizations that raise awareness and seek to educate the general public about breast cancer risk factors <a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/breast-cancer-rates-soar-the-who-doubles-down-on-promoting-birth-control\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">fail to acknowledge the proven link between hormonal birth control and breast cancer<\/a>. As with any medication, women deserve to know all the facts before initiating hormonal birth control use, and they can\u2019t make the best decisions for themselves when information about this link is withheld.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-decreasing-estrogen-related-breast-cancer-risk\"><span id=\"decreasing-estrogen-related-breast-cancer-risk\">Decreasing Estrogen-related Breast Cancer Risk<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Interestingly, even though pregnancy is a time of (temporarily) dramatically <em>increased<\/em> estrogen levels, research suggests that pregnancy actually <em>decreases<\/em> a woman\u2019s overall risk of developing breast cancer during her lifetime. This decrease occurs for several reasons, covered <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/about-cancer\/causes-prevention\/risk\/hormones\/reproductive-history-fact-sheet#is-there-a-relationship-between-pregnancy-and-breast-cancer-risk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a>. Of note, women who have their <a href=\"https:\/\/www.maurerfoundation.org\/about-breast-cancer-breast-health1\/risk-factors-for-breast-cancer\/#menstrutation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">first pregnancy before age 30<\/a> get the biggest <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/about-cancer\/causes-prevention\/risk\/hormones\/reproductive-history-fact-sheet#is-there-a-relationship-between-pregnancy-and-breast-cancer-risk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">cancer protection benefit<\/a>, according to the National Cancer Institute.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Other ways to reduce breast cancer risk, specifically by reducing estrogen levels in the body, include: avoiding the use of hormonal contraceptives, maintaining a healthy weight, exercising at moderate intensity 3-4 times per week, stopping smoking, eating a healthy diet, decreasing alcohol intake to no more than the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/alcohol\/faqs.htm#:~:text=The%20Dietary%20Guidelines%20for%20Americansexternal%20icon%20recommends%20that%20adults,on%20a%20day%20for%20men.\">recommended<\/a> one drink per day, <a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/simple-ways-to-protect-your-health-and-fertility-from-endocrine-disruptors\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">avoiding endocrine disruptors<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdanderson.org\/publications\/focused-on-health\/breastfeeding-breast-cancer-prevention.h19-1589046.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">breastfeeding<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-estrogen-a-powerhouse-hormone\"><span id=\"estrogen-a-powerhouse-hormone\">Estrogen: a Powerhouse Hormone<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>It is important and empowering for women to understand how their bodies work\u2014and estrogen is a mighty player which <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4024050\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">regulates the metabolic system of the female brain and body<\/a>. Armed with this knowledge, you can start making healthy choices which will positively impact your overall well-being, and especially your reproductive health, for years to come.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>References:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n[1] Cappelletti M, Wallen K. Increasing women&#8217;s sexual desire: The comparative effectiveness of estrogens and androgens. <em>Hormones and Behavior<\/em>. 2016;78:178-193. doi:10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2015.11.003<\/p>\n\n\n\n[2] Newson L, Rymer J. The dangers of compounded bioidentical hormone replacement therapy.&nbsp;<em>Br J Gen Pract<\/em>. 2019;69(688):540-541. Published 2019 Oct 31. doi:10.3399\/bjgp19X706169<\/p>\n\n\n\n[3] University of Maryland at Baltimore. &#8220;Estrogen Maintains Pregnancy, Triggers Fetal Maturation.&#8221; ScienceDaily. Published 1997 March 21. &lt;www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/1997\/03\/970321141042.htm&gt;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n[4] Khalili H. Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease with Oral Contraceptives and Menopausal Hormone Therapy: Current Evidence and Future Directions.&nbsp;<em>Drug Saf<\/em>. 2016;39(3):193-197. doi:10.1007\/s40264-015-0372-y<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-additional-reading\"><span id=\"additional-reading\">Additional Reading<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/difference-between-synthetic-hormones-vs-natural-hormones-bioidentical-birth-control-harmful-safe-affect-body-progesterone-progestin-estrogen-08192018\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Getting to Know Synthetic Estrogens and Progestins: What Do They Do to Our Bodies?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/study-links-hormonal-birth-control-to-increased-risk-of-breast-cancer\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Study Links Hormonal Birth Control to Increased Risk of Breast Cancer<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/simple-ways-to-protect-your-health-and-fertility-from-endocrine-disruptors\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Simple Ways to Protect Your Health and Fertility from Endocrine Disruptors<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/3-simple-tips-to-limit-endocrine-disruptors-and-balance-hormones-naturally\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">3 Simple Tips to Limit Endocrine Disruptors and Balance Hormones Naturally<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/mens-hormones-testosterone-are-a-big-deal-too\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Male Sex Hormones Are a Big Deal, Too<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044b \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0431 \u044d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435? \u041c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c, \u0432\u044b \u0441\u043b\u044b\u0448\u0430\u043b\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043d \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0438, \u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442...","protected":false},"author":85,"featured_media":13499,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","csco_singular_sidebar":"","csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_post_video_location":[],"csco_post_video_url":"","csco_post_video_bg_start_time":0,"csco_post_video_bg_end_time":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5177,5334],"tags":[4056,6299,4104],"class_list":{"0":"post-13498","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-know-your-body","8":"category-the-basics","9":"tag-estrogen","10":"tag-fam-basics","11":"tag-fertility-awareness-methods","12":"cs-entry","13":"cs-video-wrap"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.2 (Yoast SEO v27.2) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>FAM Basics: Estrogen - Natural Womanhood<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"What is estrogen? 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