{"id":2799,"date":"2019-08-24T12:56:06","date_gmt":"2019-08-24T16:56:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/natural-womanhood.local\/?p=2799"},"modified":"2024-05-18T13:15:23","modified_gmt":"2024-05-18T18:15:23","slug":"le-lien-surprenant-entre-la-contraception-et-le-cancer-de-la-peau","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/fr\/the-surprising-link-between-birth-control-and-skin-cancer\/","title":{"rendered":"Le lien surprenant entre la contraception et le cancer de la peau"},"content":{"rendered":"

Cette ann\u00e9e, pr\u00e8s de 8 000 personnes aux \u00c9tats-Unis devraient mourir d'un cancer de la peau de type m\u00e9lanome, soit environ 4 740 hommes et 2 490 femmes, selon l'American Cancer Society (ACS). (1) L'ACS estime que 97 610 nouveaux cas de m\u00e9lanome seront diagnostiqu\u00e9s en 2023, dont plus de 58 000 chez les hommes et plus de 39 000 chez les femmes, tandis que l'American Academy of Dermatology s'attend \u00e0 ce qu'il y ait presque deux fois plus de cas en 2022, l'ann\u00e9e la plus r\u00e9cente pour laquelle elle a fourni des estimations (1)(2). (1)(2) Alors que le m\u00e9lanome, le type de cancer de la peau le plus dangereux, touche principalement les personnes \u00e2g\u00e9es, l'American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) et l'American Cancer Society (ACS) notent que le m\u00e9lanome est une maladie qui touche de plus en plus de personnes \u00e2g\u00e9es. \u00e9galement <\/em>est l'un des cancers les plus fr\u00e9quents chez les jeunes de moins de 30 ans, en particulier chez les jeunes femmes. Comment cela se fait-il ? Une r\u00e9ponse \u00e9vidente : les lits de bronzage. L'AAD avertit sp\u00e9cifiquement que \"les femmes de moins de 30 ans ont six fois plus de risques de d\u00e9velopper un m\u00e9lanome si elles bronzent \u00e0 l'int\u00e9rieur\". (2)<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Oui, l'introduction du bronzage en cabine a probablement jou\u00e9 un r\u00f4le majeur dans l'augmentation globale et spectaculaire des cas de m\u00e9lanome chez les jeunes femmes au cours des derni\u00e8res d\u00e9cennies, mais s'agit-il du seul facteur ? Nous devrions \u00e9galement examiner attentivement le r\u00f4le exact que des m\u00e9dicaments fortement prescrits, tels que les contraceptifs, pourraient jouer dans l'\u00e9pid\u00e9mie de cancers de la peau chez les femmes pr\u00e9-m\u00e9nopaus\u00e9es.<\/span><\/p>\n

Liens entre les cellules de la peau et les r\u00e9cepteurs d'\u0153strog\u00e8nes<\/h2>\n

Toute personne ayant eu un cancer du sein dans sa famille conna\u00eet probablement un r\u00e9cepteur connu sous le nom de HER2. C'\u00e9tait mon cas, mais je n'en savais pas grand-chose au-del\u00e0 de son nom, jusqu'\u00e0 ce que je commence \u00e0 faire des recherches pour un article sur le cancer du sein. <\/span>article<\/span><\/a> J'\u00e9crivais sur le cancer du sein.<\/span><\/p>\n

Selon le NIH, un cancer qui est HER2 positif<\/a>Le terme \"cancer\" d\u00e9signe les cellules canc\u00e9reuses qui pr\u00e9sentent une quantit\u00e9 excessive d'une prot\u00e9ine appel\u00e9e HER2 \u00e0 leur surface. Dans les cellules normales, HER2 aide \u00e0 contr\u00f4ler la croissance cellulaire. Lorsqu'elle est produite en quantit\u00e9s sup\u00e9rieures \u00e0 la normale par les cellules canc\u00e9reuses, celles-ci peuvent se d\u00e9velopper plus rapidement et \u00eatre plus susceptibles de se propager \u00e0 d'autres parties du corps\".<\/p>\n

HER2 signifie <\/span>r\u00e9cepteur 2 du facteur de croissance \u00e9pidermique humain<\/span><\/i>. Chaque cellule de notre corps peut contenir de nombreux types de r\u00e9cepteurs. Ces r\u00e9cepteurs sont des prot\u00e9ines, g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement situ\u00e9es \u00e0 la surface de la cellule, qui cherchent \u00e0 se lier \u00e0 une autre mol\u00e9cule tr\u00e8s sp\u00e9cifique. Ensemble, ces partenaires remplissent de nombreux types de fonctions dans l'organisme, en particulier dans le syst\u00e8me immunitaire. Le principal cor\u00e9cepteur de HER2 est le r\u00e9cepteur du facteur de croissance \u00e9pidermique (EGFR, \u00e9galement connu sous le nom de HER1), une prot\u00e9ine dont on pense qu'elle joue un r\u00f4le dans la croissance normale des cellules. Pensez-y comme \u00e0 un processus d'authentification en deux \u00e9tapes lorsque vous vous connectez \u00e0 un site web. Il faut que les deux \u00e9tapes soient correctes pour \"entrer\" sur le site. Les cellules canc\u00e9reuses qui ont \u00e0 la fois HER2\u00a0et<\/em>\u00a0EGFR<\/a> sont tr\u00e8s sensibles au facteur de croissance \u00e9pidermique (EGF), ce qui peut entra\u00eener une croissance incontr\u00f4l\u00e9e des cellules canc\u00e9reuses.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Pour moi, le premier indice que la contraception pourrait jouer un r\u00f4le dans les affections cutan\u00e9es m'est apparu lorsque j'ai lu que des scientifiques de l'universit\u00e9 du Colorado avaient r\u00e9cemment d\u00e9couvert que la pr\u00e9sence d'\u0153strog\u00e8nes pouvait stimuler la production d'EGF par les astrocytes du cerveau. (3)<\/span><\/p>\n

Avec toute cette terminologie \"\u00e9pidermique\" et le lien avec les \u0153strog\u00e8nes, je n'ai pas pu m'emp\u00eacher de me demander quel effet les contraceptifs hormonaux pouvaient avoir sur la peau. Il n'a pas fallu beaucoup de recherches pour apprendre que les contraceptifs hormonaux sont souvent li\u00e9s \u00e0 des probl\u00e8mes tels que l'acn\u00e9, l'hyperpigmentation et l'acn\u00e9 de la peau. <\/span>m\u00e9lasma<\/span><\/a> (4), mais j'ai \u00e9t\u00e9 surprise d'apprendre qu'ils \u00e9taient \u00e9galement li\u00e9s au cancer de la peau. Honn\u00eatement, \u00e9tant donn\u00e9 que les r\u00e9cepteurs d'\u0153strog\u00e8nes se trouvent dans presque toutes les cellules du corps, je ne sais pas trop pourquoi cela m'a surprise, mais il s'agit d'un effet secondaire du contr\u00f4le des naissances qui a d\u00e9finitivement \u00e9chapp\u00e9 \u00e0 mon radar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Liens entre les contraceptifs hormonaux et la sant\u00e9 de la peau<\/h2>\n

En 1978, la <\/span>New York Times <\/span><\/i>rapport\u00e9<\/span><\/a> sur une \u00e9tude de dix ans portant sur pr\u00e8s de 18 000 patientes, qui a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 que les femmes ayant pris un contraceptif pendant plus de quatre ans couraient un risque presque deux fois plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 de d\u00e9velopper un m\u00e9lanome malin.<\/span><\/p>\n

Une \u00e9tude de suivi r\u00e9alis\u00e9e par l'Universit\u00e9 d'Oxford en 1981 a montr\u00e9 que les risques n'\u00e9taient pas significatifs \u00e0 court terme. Cependant, apr\u00e8s cinq ans d'utilisation, l'augmentation du risque relatif a grimp\u00e9 \u00e0 pr\u00e8s de 60% (5).<\/span><\/p>\n

Une \u00e9tude de 1999 a d\u00e9montr\u00e9 que les femmes pr\u00e9m\u00e9nopaus\u00e9es qui prenaient une contraception hormonale \u00e9taient pr\u00e8s de trois fois et demie plus susceptibles de d\u00e9velopper un m\u00e9lanome (6), tandis qu'une \u00e9tude fran\u00e7aise de 2018 a montr\u00e9 que le risque accru pour les utilisatrices pendant dix ans n'\u00e9tait que de 33%. (7)<\/span><\/p>\n

Bien que les \u00e9tudes pr\u00e9sentent des chiffres mitig\u00e9s, elles montrent toutes une augmentation du risque.<\/h2>\n

Il est clair que les r\u00e9sultats sont mitig\u00e9s et que la communaut\u00e9 scientifique s'interroge sur l'importance de l'impact de la contraception sur le cancer de la peau. Mais, que le risque accru soit de 33% ou de 350%, les \u00e9tudes semblent unanimement indiquer que le risque pour une femme augmente \u00e0 mesure qu'elle prend un contraceptif.<\/span><\/p>\n

Une autre alerte sanitaire r\u00e9cente qui a fait la une des journaux pourrait donner une id\u00e9e de la fa\u00e7on dont la contraception pourrait contribuer \u00e0 ce risque accru. Lorsque des scientifiques se sont r\u00e9cemment demand\u00e9 si certains ingr\u00e9dients contenus dans les cr\u00e8mes solaires pouvaient \u00eatre \u00e0 l'origine de cancers, ils se sont notamment inqui\u00e9t\u00e9s du fait que la plupart des marques contiennent des parab\u00e8nes et des phtalates, qui, tout comme les contraceptifs hormonaux, sont des substances toxiques pour l'organisme et pour la sant\u00e9. <\/span>perturbateurs endocriniens connus<\/span><\/a>. Les perturbateurs endocriniens sont des substances chimiques \u0153strog\u00e8nes qui imitent les hormones naturelles (dans ce cas, les \u0153strog\u00e8nes) en se liant aux r\u00e9cepteurs des cellules et en emp\u00eachant ainsi les \u0153strog\u00e8nes naturels du corps de se lier \u00e0 ces m\u00eames cellules.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dans son livre \u00e9clairant, <\/span>L'\u0153strog\u00e9n\u00e8se<\/span><\/i>Le docteur Anthony G. Jay explique comment la lumi\u00e8re UV du soleil peut fusionner les perturbateurs avec les r\u00e9cepteurs d'\u0153strog\u00e8nes. Jay d\u00e9clare : \"Si ou quand cette r\u00e9action chimique se produit, le r\u00e9cepteur d'\u0153strog\u00e8ne est bloqu\u00e9 en position \"on\". Les biochimistes appellent cela un \"r\u00e9cepteur constitutivement actif\".<\/span><\/p>\n

Le fait que cet \"interrupteur\" soit bloqu\u00e9 en position \"on\" entra\u00eene des dommages \u00e0 plus long terme, car l'interrupteur des r\u00e9cepteurs est activ\u00e9 bien plus longtemps que ce que la nature a pr\u00e9vu pour notre corps. (8)<\/span><\/p>\n

Une attaque sur deux fronts<\/h2>\n

Au vu de toutes ces recherches, j'en suis venue \u00e0 consid\u00e9rer la relation entre la contraception hormonale et la sant\u00e9 de la peau comme celle d'un locataire d\u00e9sordonn\u00e9 dans un immeuble d'habitation : il laisse les lumi\u00e8res allum\u00e9es pour \u00e9viter les dommages caus\u00e9s par les UV et entasse son linge sale sous la forme d'une surproduction de facteur de croissance \u00e9pidermique. Ce comportement d\u00e9sordonn\u00e9 perturbe deux r\u00e9cepteurs tr\u00e8s importants dans les cellules de la peau. Compte tenu de l'augmentation des taux de m\u00e9lanome depuis l'introduction de la pilule, il est peut-\u00eatre temps de faire le m\u00e9nage.<\/span><\/p>\n

Note de l'\u00e9diteur : Cet article a \u00e9t\u00e9 mis \u00e0 jour le 31 janvier 2023 avec des statistiques actuelles et pour identifier plus correctement la relation entre HER2 et EGFR.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

R\u00e9f\u00e9rences<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. https:\/\/www.cancer.org\/cancer\/melanoma-skin-cancer\/about\/key-statistics.html<\/li>\n
  2. https:\/\/www.aad.org\/media\/stats\/conditions\/skin-cancer<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n
  3. https:\/\/www.eurekalert.org\/pub_releases\/2019-03\/uoca-tsw030119.php<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n
  4. https:\/\/www.aad.org\/public\/diseases\/color-problems\/melasma<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n
  5. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2010646\/pdf\/brjcancer00442-0055.pdf<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n
  6. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2374297\/<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n
  7. https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0398762018308538<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n
  8. L'\u0153strog\u00e9n\u00e8se<\/span><\/i>Anthony G. Jay (p. 32)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Cette ann\u00e9e, pr\u00e8s de 8 000 personnes aux \u00c9tats-Unis devraient mourir d'un cancer de la peau de type m\u00e9lanome, soit environ...","protected":false},"author":53,"featured_media":2803,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","csco_singular_sidebar":"","csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_post_video_location":[],"csco_post_video_url":"","csco_post_video_bg_start_time":0,"csco_post_video_bg_end_time":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5183,5260],"tags":[1163,5413],"class_list":["post-2799","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-birth-control-issues","category-general-health-risks","tag-birth-control-side-effects","tag-cancer","cs-entry","cs-video-wrap"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nThe Surprising Link Between Birth Control and Skin Cancer - Natural Womanhood<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Birth control is commonly linked to skin issues like acne, hyperpigmentation, melasma, and perhaps surprisingly, to skin cancer.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/fr\/le-lien-surprenant-entre-la-contraception-et-le-cancer-de-la-peau\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Surprising Link Between Birth Control and Skin Cancer\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Devastatingly, this year nearly 8,000 people in the United States are expected to die of melanoma skin cancer\u2014around 4,740 men and 2,490 women, according\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/fr\/le-lien-surprenant-entre-la-contraception-et-le-cancer-de-la-peau\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Natural Womanhood\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/NaturalWomanhood\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-08-24T16:56:06+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-05-18T18:15:23+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/jasper-graetsch-zrob_PRqVys-unsplash-scaled.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2560\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1709\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Mike Gaskins\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@naturwomanhood\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@naturwomanhood\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Mike Gaskins\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/naturalwomanhood.org\\\/the-surprising-link-between-birth-control-and-skin-cancer\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/naturalwomanhood.org\\\/the-surprising-link-between-birth-control-and-skin-cancer\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Mike Gaskins\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/naturalwomanhood.org\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/aed5b91c217357e954bf101c3fa83301\"},\"headline\":\"The Surprising Link Between Birth Control and Skin Cancer\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-08-24T16:56:06+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-05-18T18:15:23+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/naturalwomanhood.org\\\/the-surprising-link-between-birth-control-and-skin-cancer\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1126,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/naturalwomanhood.org\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/naturalwomanhood.org\\\/the-surprising-link-between-birth-control-and-skin-cancer\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/naturalwomanhood.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/jasper-graetsch-zrob_PRqVys-unsplash-scaled.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"birth control side effects\",\"Cancer\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Birth Control Issues\",\"General Health Risks\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/naturalwomanhood.org\\\/the-surprising-link-between-birth-control-and-skin-cancer\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/naturalwomanhood.org\\\/the-surprising-link-between-birth-control-and-skin-cancer\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/naturalwomanhood.org\\\/the-surprising-link-between-birth-control-and-skin-cancer\\\/\",\"name\":\"The Surprising Link Between Birth Control and Skin Cancer - 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