{"id":14532,"date":"2022-04-08T14:33:41","date_gmt":"2022-04-08T19:33:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/?p=14532"},"modified":"2024-04-03T14:33:53","modified_gmt":"2024-04-03T19:33:53","slug":"controle-des-naissances-avortement-et-risque-de-cancer-du-sein","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/fr\/birth-control-abortion-and-breast-cancer-risk\/","title":{"rendered":"Comment le contr\u00f4le des naissances, la grossesse et l'avortement influencent chacun le risque de cancer du sein chez une femme."},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Given that&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cancer.org\/cancer\/breast-cancer\/about\/how-common-is-breast-cancer.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">one in eight women<\/a>&nbsp;receive a devastating breast cancer diagnosis in their lifetime, virtually all women\u2014myself included\u2014want to know their personal risk factors for developing breast cancer and how to reduce their risk.&nbsp; You may have heard that one common personal risk factor, hormonal birth control&nbsp; use, increases your risk for breast cancer only&nbsp;<em>slightly<\/em>\u2014<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/about-cancer\/causes-prevention\/risk\/hormones\/oral-contraceptives-fact-sheet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">around 20%<\/a>\u2014and that this effect eventually goes away. A closer look at the evidence, however, shows the risk may be&nbsp;<em>much<\/em>&nbsp;higher for a particular group of women: namely, young women who use hormonal birth control before their first full-term pregnancy. They are at increased risk for developing breast cancer because their breast tissue is not fully developed, and is thereby especially susceptible to&nbsp;carcinogens (substances that can cause cancer) <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cancer.org\/cancer\/cancer-causes\/general-info\/known-and-probable-human-carcinogens.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">like the synthetic estrogen and progestin in hormonal birth control<\/a>.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-your-breast-cancer-risk-may-be-relative-to-childbearing-and-hormonal-birth-control-use\"><span id=\"your-breast-cancer-risk-may-be-relative-to-childbearing-and-hormonal-birth-control-use\">Your breast cancer risk may be relative to childbearing <em>and<\/em> hormonal birth control use<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In a recent Natural Womanhood article, \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/does-birth-control-prevent-or-cause-cancer\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Does birth control prevent\u2014or cause\u2014cancer?<\/a>\u201d I discussed the increased breast cancer risk experienced by women on hormonal birth control, and the theory that birth control may increase breast cancer risk&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/about-cancer\/causes-prevention\/risk\/hormones\/oral-contraceptives-fact-sheet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">by overstimulating a woman\u2019s breast cells<\/a>. But research suggests that a woman\u2019s breast cancer risk may also be related to&nbsp;<em>when&nbsp;<\/em>she begins using hormonal birth control.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/17036554\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">&nbsp;2007 meta-analysis<\/a>&nbsp;of 34 studies showed that the risk of developing breast cancer before menopause was 19% higher for women who used birth control\u2014which aligns with the often cited 20% increased risk for breast cancer [1]. But that risk rose to 44% when birth control was started&nbsp;<em>before<\/em>&nbsp;women had their first full-term pregnancy, and rose to 52% when birth control was used at least four years before their first full-term pregnancy.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-pullquote\"><blockquote><p>Young women who began birth control before age 20 had nearly double the risk of developing breast cancer by age 30 when compared with their peers who started birth control after age 20.<\/p><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>In a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10354-010-0807-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">2010 meta-analysis<\/a>&nbsp;of 54 studies, young women who began birth control before age 20 had nearly double the risk of developing breast cancer by age 30 when compared with their peers who started birth control after age 20 [2]. That risk decreased as the group of women aged, but suggests that starting birth control at such a young age, when most women have not yet had children, could greatly affect breast cancer risk.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-pregnancy-and-breast-cancer-risk\"><span id=\"pregnancy-and-breast-cancer-risk\">Pregnancy and breast cancer risk<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Angela Lanfranchi, MD, co-founder of the Breast Cancer Prevention Institute and Clinical Assistant Professor of Surgery at Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, has written an extensive peer-reviewed <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bcpinstitute.org\/uploads\/1\/1\/5\/1\/115111905\/2009-lanfranchi-linacrequarterly%5b1%5d.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">article<\/a> as well as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bcpinstitute.org\/uploads\/1\/1\/5\/1\/115111905\/bcpi-reproductive-brochure.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">brochures<\/a> about how breast tissue develops before and during pregnancy, and much of what follows is based on her writings and insights shared during an interview with Natural Womanhood.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-birth-control-induced-changes-to-breast-tissue-make-up-and-why-they-matter\"><span id=\"birth-control-induced-changes-to-breast-tissue-make-up-and-why-they-matter\">Birth control-induced changes to breast tissue make-up and why they matter<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>As Dr. Lanfranchi explains, the breast is made up of milk-producing structures called lobules, of which there are four types: 1, 2, 3, and 4. Each type represents a different stage of development, with type 1 being the least mature and type 4 being the most mature. Women who have never been pregnant and carried a child to term have breasts that are primarily made up of immature type 1 and 2 lobules. This makes their breasts more susceptible to carcinogens, because immature lobules have far more <a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/what-is-estrogen-hormone\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">estrogen<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/fam-basics-progesterone\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">progesterone<\/a> receptors present than more mature type 3 and 4 lobules.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When type 1 or 2 lobules are exposed to estrogen and progesterone (including the synthetic versions found in hormonal birth control), their cells begin multiplying\u2014and each time a cell splits into two, it runs the risk of making an error in the DNA, also known as a mutation. Mutations can lead to cancer.&nbsp; \u201cThat\u2019s why breast cancer will only start in immature lobules,\u201d said Dr. Lanfranchi. She added that cancer simply \u201cdoesn\u2019t happen\u201d in type 3 or 4 lobules.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-breast-tissue-make-up-in-women-who-have-carried-full-term-pregnancies\"><span id=\"breast-tissue-make-up-in-women-who-have-carried-full-term-pregnancies\">Breast tissue make-up in women who have carried full-term pregnancies<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In contrast, the breast cancer risk for women who have already carried a child to term may be less affected by hormonal birth control, precisely because their breast tissue has fully matured to type 4 lobules during pregnancy.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>By week 32 of pregnancy, or midway through the third trimester, 70% of the lobules have become type 4, and that proportion rises to 85% by the end of the third trimester. At delivery, the breast is made up of mostly mature, type 4 lobules\u2014and, for the most part, once breast tissue has matured, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bcpinstitute.org\/uploads\/1\/1\/5\/1\/115111905\/2009-lanfranchi-linacrequarterly%5b1%5d.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">it stays that way<\/a>. And while the appearance of the breast lobules does transition to type 3 after a child stops breastfeeding, the protective benefits of a full-term pregnancy against breast cancer development are largely permanent.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-how-breast-tissue-make-up-is-connected-to-the-type-of-breast-cancer-diagnosis\"><span id=\"how-breast-tissue-make-up-is-connected-to-the-type-of-breast-cancer-diagnosis\">How breast tissue make-up is connected to the type of breast cancer diagnosis<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Breast cancer that forms in type 1 lobules, known as ductal cancer, makes up about 85% of breast cancer diagnoses (type 1 lobules are mostly made up of ductal cells, hence why cancer in this area is named ductal cancer). Nearly the rest of breast cancer is found in type 2 lobules, and termed lobular cancer.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/diseases-conditions\/breast-cancer\/in-depth\/breast-cancer\/art-20045654\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Only rarely<\/a>&nbsp;does breast cancer form elsewhere in the breast, such as in the muscle, fat, or blood vessels.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-when-pregnancy-ends-prematurely-your-breast-cancer-risk-goes-up-nbsp\"><span id=\"when-pregnancy-ends-prematurely-your-breast-cancer-risk-goes-up\">When pregnancy ends prematurely, your breast cancer risk goes up&nbsp;<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Another important aspect of breast development is&nbsp;what happens to a woman\u2019s breast tissue when she gets pregnant, but the pregnancy ends before full-term. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/6690399\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Evidence suggests<\/a> that when pregnancy is interrupted, either through an induced abortion, spontaneous miscarriage, or delivery before 32 weeks, the risk for breast cancer temporarily rises, because the types 1 and 2 lobules have&nbsp;<em>multiplied&nbsp;<\/em>but not yet&nbsp;<em>matured&nbsp;<\/em>into types 3 and then 4 lobules [3]. In essence, Dr. Lanfranchi explained, \u201cAbortion [and, likewise, miscarriage and preterm delivery] increases your risk of breast cancer because it leaves your breasts with more places for cancers to start.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To complicate matters, abortion can&nbsp;also&nbsp;increase breast cancer risk by hindering&nbsp;<em>future&nbsp;<\/em>full-term pregnancies. Abortion procedures can <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/abortion\/risks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">permanently weaken the cervix<\/a>, a structure critical for carrying a baby to term. Research shows that pregnant women who previously had an abortion<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/19769749\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">&nbsp;go on to&nbsp;have a higher risk of delivering their subsequent baby or babies early<\/a> [4]. As with any woman who delivers prematurely, if a woman who has had a prior abortion goes on to have a subsequent pregnancy where she delivers before her type 1 and type 2 lobules mature around 32 weeks, she may not develop fully mature, cancer-resistant breast tissue\u2013and therefore have a heightened risk for developing breast cancer.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Given that&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/this-chart-perfectly-displays-perfect-vs-typical-use-effectiveness-rate-for-birth-control-methods\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">7 in 100 women taking hormonal birth control become pregnant within a year<\/a>, and that many choose abortion with&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/reproductivehealth\/data_stats\/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">more than 600,000 procedures done in the United States in 2019 alone<\/a>, women need better options for preventing pregnancy that do not involve synthetic hormones\u2014and they need to be fully informed about the risks to their health that accompany abortion. Natural Womanhood encourages women to use fertility awareness methods, which have efficacy rates of preventing pregnancy that are <a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/this-chart-perfectly-displays-perfect-vs-typical-use-effectiveness-rate-for-birth-control-methods\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">equal or superior<\/a>&nbsp;to the Pill, without the breast cancer risk and other harmful side effects of hormonal birth control.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>References:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n[1] Kahlenborn C, et al. Oral contraceptive use as a risk factor for premenopausal breast cancer: a meta-analysis. <em>Mayo Clin Proc<\/em>. 2006 Oct;81(10):1290-302. doi: 10.4065\/81.10.1290. PMID: 17036554.<\/p>\n\n\n\n[2] Bjelic-Radisic, V., Petru, E. Hormonelle Kontrazeption und Brustkrebsrisiko.&nbsp;<em>Wien Med Wochenschr<\/em>&nbsp;<strong>160,&nbsp;<\/strong>483\u2013486 (2010). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10354-010-0807-0<\/p>\n\n\n\n[3] Melbye, M., Wohlfahrt, J., Andersen, AM.&nbsp;<em>et al.<\/em>&nbsp;Preterm delivery and risk of breast cancer.&nbsp;<em>Br J Cancer<\/em>&nbsp;<strong>80,&nbsp;<\/strong>609\u2013613 (1999). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.bjc.6690399<\/p>\n\n\n\n[4] Shah PS, Zao J; Knowledge Synthesis Group of Determinants of preterm\/LBW births. Induced termination of pregnancy and low birthweight and preterm birth: a systematic review and meta-analyses. BJOG. 2009 Oct;116(11):1425-42. doi: 10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2009.02278.x. PMID: 19769749.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"additional-reading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Additional Reading:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/does-birth-control-prevent-or-cause-cancer\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Does birth control prevent- or cause- breast cancer?<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/topic\/birth-control-side-effects\/cancer\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Cancer and birth control<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/breast-cancer-rates-soar-the-who-doubles-down-on-promoting-birth-control\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">As breast cancer rates soar, the WHO doubles down on promoting birth control<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/hormonal-contraceptives-increase-breast-cancer-risk-pill-birth-control-study-201718\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Hormonal contraceptives increase breast cancer risk: a doctor&#8217;s report on why<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u00c9tant donn\u00e9 qu'une femme sur huit re\u00e7oit un diagnostic d\u00e9vastateur de cancer du sein au cours de sa vie, pratiquement toutes les femmes - moi y compris - veulent...","protected":false},"author":93,"featured_media":14526,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","csco_singular_sidebar":"","csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_post_video_location":[],"csco_post_video_url":"","csco_post_video_bg_start_time":0,"csco_post_video_bg_end_time":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5183,5250,5260],"tags":[5495,5571,5413],"class_list":{"0":"post-14532","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-birth-control-issues","8":"category-birth-control-options","9":"category-general-health-risks","10":"tag-abortion-and-womens-health","11":"tag-birth-control-side-effects","12":"tag-cancer","13":"cs-entry","14":"cs-video-wrap"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.2 (Yoast SEO v27.2) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Birth control, abortion, and breast cancer risk - Natural Womanhood<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"One in eight women receive a lifetime diagnosis of breast cancer. How do hormonal birth control, pregnancy, and abortion impact your risk?\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/fr\/controle-des-naissances-avortement-et-risque-de-cancer-du-sein\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How birth control, pregnancy, and abortion each impact a woman&#039;s breast cancer risk\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Given that&nbsp;one in eight women&nbsp;receive a devastating breast cancer diagnosis in their lifetime, virtually all women\u2014myself included\u2014want to know\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/fr\/controle-des-naissances-avortement-et-risque-de-cancer-du-sein\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Natural Womanhood\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/NaturalWomanhood\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-04-08T19:33:41+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-04-03T19:33:53+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/AdobeStock_119953696-scaled.jpeg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2560\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"989\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Christina Bennett\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@naturwomanhood\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@naturwomanhood\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Christina Bennett\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/birth-control-abortion-and-breast-cancer-risk\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/birth-control-abortion-and-breast-cancer-risk\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Christina Bennett\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/#\/schema\/person\/6912dca1d13ddf66d132a8e7802fddf9\"},\"headline\":\"How birth control, pregnancy, and abortion each impact a woman&#8217;s breast cancer risk\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-04-08T19:33:41+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-04-03T19:33:53+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/birth-control-abortion-and-breast-cancer-risk\/\"},\"wordCount\":1375,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/birth-control-abortion-and-breast-cancer-risk\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/AdobeStock_119953696-scaled.jpeg\",\"keywords\":[\"Abortion and Women's Health\",\"birth control side effects\",\"Cancer\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Birth Control Issues\",\"Birth Control Options\",\"General Health Risks\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/birth-control-abortion-and-breast-cancer-risk\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/birth-control-abortion-and-breast-cancer-risk\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/birth-control-abortion-and-breast-cancer-risk\/\",\"name\":\"Birth control, abortion, and breast cancer risk - Natural Womanhood\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/birth-control-abortion-and-breast-cancer-risk\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/birth-control-abortion-and-breast-cancer-risk\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/AdobeStock_119953696-scaled.jpeg\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-04-08T19:33:41+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-04-03T19:33:53+00:00\",\"description\":\"One in eight women receive a lifetime diagnosis of breast cancer. 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