{"id":2717,"date":"2019-07-10T12:44:29","date_gmt":"2019-07-10T16:44:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/natural-womanhood.local\/?p=2717"},"modified":"2024-05-18T12:59:18","modified_gmt":"2024-05-18T17:59:18","slug":"enfermedad-de-la-vesicula-biliar-mujeres-anticonceptivos-hormonales-2019","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/es\/gallbladder-disease-women-hormonal-birth-control-2019\/","title":{"rendered":"Enfermedad de la Ves\u00edcula Biliar en Mujeres: La relaci\u00f3n entre las hormonas anticonceptivas"},"content":{"rendered":"

Se calcula que 25 millones de estadounidenses est\u00e1n afectados por c\u00e1lculos biliares, y la gran mayor\u00eda son mujeres.<\/p>\n

Los c\u00e1lculos biliares, que se forman cuando se acumula demasiado colesterol o bilirrubina dentro de la ves\u00edcula biliar y luego se cristaliza, son la causa m\u00e1s frecuente de enfermedad de la ves\u00edcula biliar<\/a>-un grupo de afecciones m\u00e9dicas que afectan a la ves\u00edcula biliar. Los c\u00e1lculos biliares de colesterol son m\u00e1s frecuentes que los de bilirrubina, que suelen denominarse c\u00e1lculos \"pigmentarios\". Los c\u00e1lculos biliares pueden flotar libremente dentro de la ves\u00edcula biliar y causar poco o ning\u00fan problema a la persona afectada. De hecho, muchas personas con c\u00e1lculos biliares pueden no tengo ni idea<\/a> ni siquiera las tienen. Pero cuando se convierten en un problema (al provocar obstrucciones en las v\u00edas biliares o los intestinos, o causar inflamaci\u00f3n y\/o infecci\u00f3n de la ves\u00edcula biliar o el p\u00e1ncreas) pueden causar efectos secundarios graves, que a veces requieren la extirpaci\u00f3n de la propia ves\u00edcula biliar.<\/p>\n

Afortunadamente, los seres humanos pueden vivir sin su ves\u00edcula biliar, que funciona como bolsa de transporte de la bilis, un fluido digestivo producido por el h\u00edgado. La bilis se libera de la ves\u00edcula biliar al intestino delgado despu\u00e9s de las comidas y es necesaria para digerir las grasas, pero en ausencia de ves\u00edcula biliar, el h\u00edgado sigue produciendo bilis. Sin embargo, algunos individuos sin ves\u00edcula biliar pueden experimentar una mala absorci\u00f3n de las grasas, y un aumento de la diarrea, especialmente cuando se consumen comidas grasas.<\/a> As\u00ed pues, aunque \"la vida sigue\" tras la extirpaci\u00f3n de la ves\u00edcula biliar, puede ser necesario modificar la dieta y el estilo de vida.<\/p>\n

Entre los rasgos que pueden aumentar el riesgo se encuentran los antecedentes familiares de c\u00e1lculos biliares, la edad avanzada, la obesidad, perder mucho peso muy r\u00e1pidamente y la pertenencia a determinados grupos \u00e9tnicos (en particular, algunos grupos de nativos americanos).<\/p>\n

Adem\u00e1s, el mero hecho de ser mujer aumenta las probabilidades de padecer c\u00e1lculos biliares, ya que las mujeres son m\u00e1s propensas a desarrollarlos que los hombres.<\/p>\n

Un problema de salud femenina<\/h2>\n

Se sospecha que las hormonas femeninas estr\u00f3geno y progesterona pueden ser parte de la raz\u00f3n por la que las mujeres son m\u00e1s susceptibles a los c\u00e1lculos biliares de colesterol que los hombres. La ves\u00edcula biliar tiene receptores para ambas hormonas, y ambas parecen tener un efecto \u00fanico sobre la ves\u00edcula biliar, especialmente en niveles elevados. El estr\u00f3geno puede causar aumento de la saturaci\u00f3n de colesterol de la bilis<\/a>La progesterona puede reducir la motilidad de la ves\u00edcula biliar. Por lo tanto, se sospecha que el aumento de los niveles de estr\u00f3geno y\/o progesterona por el embarazo, los anticonceptivos hormonales y la terapia hormonal sustitutiva (para la menopausia). hacen a las mujeres a\u00fan m\u00e1s susceptibles<\/a> a desarrollar c\u00e1lculos biliares.<\/p>\n

Las pruebas sobre la relaci\u00f3n entre la anticoncepci\u00f3n hormonal y la enfermedad de la ves\u00edcula biliar han sido contradictorias durante mucho tiempo, y algunos sostienen que las f\u00f3rmulas anticonceptivas m\u00e1s nuevas y de dosis m\u00e1s baja conllevan menos riesgo de formaci\u00f3n de c\u00e1lculos biliares que las f\u00f3rmulas m\u00e1s antiguas y de dosis m\u00e1s alta. Sin embargo, un Estudio comparativo de seguridad 2011<\/a> sobre el riesgo de enfermedad de la ves\u00edcula biliar asociado a los anticonceptivos hormonales concluy\u00f3 que incluso las f\u00f3rmulas m\u00e1s recientes de anticonceptivos hormonales conllevaban un aumento estad\u00edsticamente significativo del riesgo de desarrollar enfermedad de la ves\u00edcula biliar. El estudio resum\u00eda las d\u00e9cadas de datos sobre el aumento del riesgo de enfermedad de la ves\u00edcula biliar por el uso de anticonceptivos hormonales de la siguiente manera:<\/p>\n

Los estudios han demostrado que el uso prolongado de un anticonceptivo oral se asocia a un mayor riesgo de enfermedad de la ves\u00edcula biliar en comparaci\u00f3n con la ausencia de uso. Un estudio de cohortes que utiliz\u00f3 datos del Nurse's Health Study hall\u00f3 un ligero aumento del riesgo de c\u00e1lculos biliares entre las mujeres que hab\u00edan utilizado anticonceptivos orales durante 15 a\u00f1os o m\u00e1s (RR 1,5; IC 95%: 1,10-2,20). Del mismo modo, un metaan\u00e1lisis de 26 estudios observacionales hall\u00f3 un aumento de 36% en el desarrollo de enfermedad de la ves\u00edcula biliar entre las mujeres que utilizaban anticonceptivos orales en comparaci\u00f3n con las que no tomaban estos f\u00e1rmacos. Se ha demostrado que tanto el estr\u00f3geno como la progesterona aumentan el riesgo de c\u00e1lculos biliares. Se ha demostrado que los estr\u00f3genos aumentan la producci\u00f3n de colesterol en el h\u00edgado, y que las cantidades excesivas precipitan en la bilis y conducen a la formaci\u00f3n de c\u00e1lculos biliares. Se ha demostrado que la progesterona disminuye la motilidad de la ves\u00edcula biliar, lo que impide el flujo de bilis y conduce a la formaci\u00f3n de c\u00e1lculos biliares.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Por supuesto, el embarazo tambi\u00e9n eleva el riesgo de que una mujer padezca una enfermedad de la ves\u00edcula biliar. Y dado que el riesgo de desarrollar c\u00e1lculos biliares durante el embarazo es mayor durante los tres \u00faltimos meses (el tercer trimestre), las mujeres que han tenido m\u00e1s embarazos que las dem\u00e1s corren un mayor riesgo de padecer esta enfermedad. riesgo elevado<\/a> de desarrollar c\u00e1lculos biliares. Comer un dieta sana y rica en fibra<\/a>siendo un peso saludable antes del embarazo y no perder peso demasiado r\u00e1pido despu\u00e9s del parto <\/a>puede ayudar a mitigar el mayor riesgo de formaci\u00f3n de c\u00e1lculos biliares asociado al embarazo.<\/p>\n

Toda esta informaci\u00f3n puede parecer un dilema para las mujeres que corren el riesgo de desarrollar c\u00e1lculos biliares, tanto si intentan posponer el embarazo como si quieren quedarse embarazadas. Afortunadamente, el uso de M\u00e9todos de planificaci\u00f3n familiar basados en el conocimiento de la fertilidad<\/a> puede eliminar la necesidad de que las mujeres experimenten los riesgos relacionados con los anticonceptivos hormonales de desarrollar c\u00e1lculos biliares, al tiempo que les permite de forma segura y planificar eficazmente sus familias<\/a>. Gracias a la FABM, tambi\u00e9n llamada a veces planificaci\u00f3n familiar natural (PFN), las mujeres no tienen por qu\u00e9 correr un mayor riesgo de c\u00e1lculos biliares, sean cuales sean sus planes familiares.<\/p>\n

Referencias<\/i><\/p>\n

Etminan, Mahyar, et al. \"Anticonceptivos orales y riesgo de enfermedad de la ves\u00edcula biliar: estudio comparativo de seguridad.<\/a>\u201d Revista de la Asociaci\u00f3n M\u00e9dica Canadiense <\/i>(17 de mayo de 2011) 899-904. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3091897\/<\/i><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Se calcula que 25 millones de estadounidenses est\u00e1n afectados por c\u00e1lculos biliares, y la gran mayor\u00eda son mujeres. Los c\u00e1lculos biliares,...","protected":false},"author":31,"featured_media":2718,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","csco_singular_sidebar":"","csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_post_video_location":[],"csco_post_video_url":"","csco_post_video_bg_start_time":0,"csco_post_video_bg_end_time":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5183,5260],"tags":[6240,1163],"class_list":{"0":"post-2717","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-birth-control-issues","8":"category-general-health-risks","9":"tag-autoimmune","10":"tag-birth-control-side-effects","11":"cs-entry","12":"cs-video-wrap"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nGallbladder Disease in Women: The Hormonal Birth Control Connection - Natural Womanhood<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"It is suspected that women are more susceptible to gallstones due to increased levels of estrogen and\/or progesterone from hormonal contraceptives, pregnancy, and hormone replacement therapy.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/es\/enfermedad-de-la-vesicula-biliar-mujeres-anticonceptivos-hormonales-2019\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_MX\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Gallbladder Disease in Women: The Hormonal Birth Control Connection\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"An estimated 25 million Americans are affected by gallstones, and the vast majority of them are women. 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