{"id":15894,"date":"2022-10-21T09:08:32","date_gmt":"2022-10-21T14:08:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/?p=15894"},"modified":"2024-12-02T12:39:30","modified_gmt":"2024-12-02T18:39:30","slug":"fam-conceptos-basicos-que-es-el-cuerpo-luteo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/naturalwomanhood.org\/es\/fam-basics-what-is-the-corpus-luteum\/","title":{"rendered":"Conceptos b\u00e1sicos de FAM: \u00bfQu\u00e9 es el cuerpo l\u00fateo?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

If you\u2019re new to fertility awareness methods (FAM), you may have heard the term \u201ccorpus luteum\u201d tossed around in casual conversation, but have no idea what it means. If you\u2019ve taken a high school biology class, you may know that the term means \u201cyellow body\u201d (\u201ccorpus\u201d meaning body and \u201cluteum\u201d meaning yellow) in Latin. But unless you\u2019ve received a particularly thorough education in a fertility awareness method (FAM), and even if you have charted your cycle for over ten years like I have, you may well still wonder what exactly a corpus luteum is, and what significance it has for your health and fertility. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

In this FAM Basics<\/a> article, we\u2019re going to cover everything you need to know about the corpus luteum, including its significance in two particular FAM contexts: luteal phase defects, and pregnancy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

What is a corpus luteum? First, the \u201cbackstory\u201d<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The corpus luteum is actually a byproduct of your cycle\u2019s main event, i.e., ovulation<\/a>. You may recall that there are two distinct phases in every cycle (with ovulation occurring in between): the follicular phase<\/a> and the luteal phase<\/a>. The follicular phase comes first, and takes place in one of your ovaries. While a few immature eggs (also known as ova or oocytes) out of the thousands in your ovary start growing within follicles (sacs) each cycle, they can\u2019t all be ‘top dog’ and be released at the time of ovulation. So, eventually, one follicle becomes dominant. The maturing egg inside the dominant follicle releases more and more estrogen, which in turn eventually leads to a brief surge in luteinizing hormone, followed within 24 to 36 hours by (ta-da!) ovulation<\/a>. After<\/em> the ‘main event’ ends and the mature egg is released, the \u201cleftovers\u201d of the burst follicle form the corpus luteum. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Where does the corpus luteum come from, and what does it do?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The corpus luteum forms at the ends of the burst follicle, and it is made of two kinds of follicular cells: granulosa cells and theca cells. Size ranges from almost an inch to almost two inches across, and it is yellow in color (hence the name), which is due to the influence of lutein and lipids on the follicle. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

So what does this floating yellow structure made up of a busted follicle actually do? Even though it\u2019s role is temporary (more on this below), the corpus luteum produces important, powerful hormones, including the dominant hormone in the luteal phase (remember that the follicular phase comes first and the luteal phase comes second), which is progesterone<\/a>. Who knew \u201cleftovers\u201d could be so important?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

While the corpus luteum produces lots of progesterone, a little known fact is that it also<\/em> produces at least three other hormones: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. Estrogen<\/a> (the ‘yin’ to progesterone’s ‘yang’);<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Inhibin<\/a>, which is a hormone necessary for proper regulation of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) <\/a>(which will be necessary when the follicular phase rolls back around); and <\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. Relaxin<\/a>, a hormone that relaxes a pregnant woman\u2019s body, particularly in the third trimester in preparation for labor and birth. <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    What\u2019s more, there\u2019s reason to believe there\u2019s even more the corpus luteum does hormonally that we don\u2019t yet understand [1]. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    What directs the actions of the corpus luteum? <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    In a woman who isn\u2019t <\/em>pregnant, luteinizing hormone (LH) \u201ctells\u201d the corpus luteum to produce progesterone, estrogen, and the rest. In a woman who is <\/em>pregnant, large amounts of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) produced by trophoblastic cells (which will turn into the placenta) do the same thing [2][3].<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Some women may have what is known as a luteal phase defect, which is when the corpus luteum doesn\u2019t produce enough progesterone and\/or estrogen, or when the uterine lining doesn\u2019t respond appropriately to these hormones. If a woman has a luteal phase defect and is under the care of a restorative reproductive medicine (RRM) healthcare provider<\/a>, she may be prescribed hCG, even when she\u2019s not pregnant and isn\u2019t trying to conceive. Given in a series of injections timed, as you might expect, with the luteal phase of a woman\u2019s cycle, supplemental hcG can direct her body to make enough of these other important hormones, which are essential for regular cycles, optimal hormone levels, and the ability to conceive. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    The corpus luteum is important for pregnancy<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    As you may now have guessed, a healthy corpus luteum is also essential for the maintenance of a new pregnancy. The hormones it produces essentially ensure a secure, healthy environment in the womb (the uterus) for the baby, specifically through the endometrium<\/a>-strengthening and stabilizing effects of progesterone. Even though the corpus luteum is located inside the ovary, it works its magic (via progesterone, and in a lesser way through estrogen) inside the uterus. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Why should I care if I\u2019m not pregnant or trying to get pregnant?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Without a healthy corpus luteum, also known as having a luteal phase defect, you won\u2019t have adequate progesterone levels during your luteal phase. Low progesterone is connected to many reproductive health problems, ranging from premenstrual syndrome<\/a> to infertility to miscarriage<\/a>. (We previously covered potential luteal phase defect causes, how to know you might have one, and how to get help here<\/a>.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    How long does the corpus luteum stick around?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    It all depends, and this is what\u2019s so fascinating. Your body makes a new corpus luteum every time you ovulate<\/a>, so it\u2019s just a temporary hormone producer. If you don\u2019t get pregnant, the corpus luteum breaks down within two weeks after you ovulate, and becomes a scar known as the corpus albicans (white body) [4] . <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    But if you do get pregnant, even in its very earliest stages, your baby\u2019s body and the trophoblast (which develops into the placenta) rapidly release hCG in exponentially greater amounts. More hCG tells your body to make more progesterone. Around twelve weeks gestation, when the placenta takes over progesterone production, the corpus luteum has served its purpose and shrivels up and eventually reabsorbs. (By the way, if you\u2019re pregnant and your healthcare provider mentions that they see a corpus luteum cyst during an ultrasound, no need to worry. More on them here<\/a>, but they are \u201charmless, painless, and usually go away without treatment\u201d according to the Cleveland Clinic.) <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u201cCorpus luteum\u201d is a term every woman should know<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Sure, the corpus luteum matters most during pregnancy. Still, this small but mighty, here-today-and-gone-in-two-weeks organ matters for every<\/em> woman because of its impact on luteal phase (and overall cycle) health. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    References:<\/p>\n\n\n\n[1] Gibson, M, Glob. libr. women’s med<\/em>., International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. (2008) (ISSN: 1756-2228)<\/em>; DOI 10.3843\/GLOWM.10291 accessed 9\/21\/2022.<\/p>\n\n\n\n[2] Nedresky D, Singh G. Physiology, Luteinizing Hormone. [Updated 2021 Sep 28]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan-. Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK539692\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n[3] Betz D, Fane K. Human Chorionic Gonadotropin. [Updated 2022 Aug 8]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan-. Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK532950\/[4] Oliver R, Pillarisetty LS. Anatomy, Abdomen and Pelvis, Ovary Corpus Luteum. 2021 Oct 30. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan\u2013. PMID: 30969526.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Additional Reading:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    FAM Basics: Progesterone<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    FAM Basics: What is the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    First steps to consider when you’re trying to conceive<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Si no conoces los m\u00e9todos de observaci\u00f3n de la fertilidad (FAM), es posible que hayas o\u00eddo hablar del \"cuerpo l\u00fateo\"...","protected":false},"author":85,"featured_media":15895,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","csco_singular_sidebar":"","csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_post_video_location":[],"csco_post_video_url":"","csco_post_video_bg_start_time":0,"csco_post_video_bg_end_time":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5177,5334],"tags":[6395,6299,4456,3637],"class_list":{"0":"post-15894","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-know-your-body","8":"category-the-basics","9":"tag-corpus-luteum","10":"tag-fam-basics","11":"tag-healthy-pregnancy","12":"tag-progesterone","13":"cs-entry","14":"cs-video-wrap"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nFAM Basics: What is the Corpus Luteum? 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